Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavioral...

Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy: A Journal Article Beatrice St.Surin Liberty University COUN-506 September 23, 2012 Abstract According to the article Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, published in the Journal of Psychology and Christianity in 2007, Siang-Yang Tan talked about how prayer and scripture can be incorporated into the practice of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Lately, in the field of CBT, there have been an increased on a suggestive awareness regarding a two-component model that involves self-regulation of attention in order to preserved on instant knowledge, centers on present circumstances, and implements an orientation to the acceptance of a person’s†¦show more content†¦As Christians, we understand that absolute truth comes only from the Scriptures and that God alone is truth. In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God (John 1:1). I believe Christian counselors should, therefore, make positive use of what God has given them in their attempts to reconstruct an individual’s thought processes. Subsequently we all have bad thinking sometimes and are in need to reframe the mind. For instance, according to the word, Jesus died for all of our sins (John 3:16, 1 John 2: 1-2), but after we accepted Jesus Christ in our lives, most of us struggled with self- forgiveness. We can only count on the Holy Spirit to change our thoughts and reveal the truth through the Scriptures to replace all the lies and misconceptions, we formulated from old traumatic experiences. The knowledge I accrued from this article are similar to what I went through myself last year around this time; but, I would say I found it very encouraging that experimental studies are beginning to demonstrate the benefits of incorporating prayer and scripture into CBT, and that the scientific community is beginning to take notice. After reading this a rticle, I was inspired to look for more information on this subject, and see what others are doing in this area to help people who profoundly brokenhearted. It’s acknowledged that in CBT a therapist with the best intentions canShow MoreRelatedUse of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy989 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Liberty University Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive Behavior-Therapy Summary Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavior Therapy can be found in the Journal of Psychology and Christianity. The author, Stan Yang-Tan, covers the apposite use of applying prayer and scripture to the 30-year-old process of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) (p.101). With an array of psychologicalRead MoreUse Of Prayer And Scripture On Cognitive Behavioral Therapy1160 Words   |  5 PagesUse of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Summary Siang-Yang Tan, a psychologist that has been in the field for over 25 years wrote a journal on the Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy. This journal â€Å"covers the appropriate and ethical use of prayer, including inner healing prayer, and Scripture in a Christian approach to cognitive-behavioral therapy† (Tan, 2007). In this journal he expounded on the methods he used through his experience to ethically provideRead MoreA Review of: The Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy816 Words   |  4 Pagesof: â€Å"The Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy† Summary In Tan’s article, â€Å"The Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy† published by the Journal of Psychology and Theology in 2007, he discusses integrating prayer and scripture with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Tan uses examples of integration from real-life counseling sessions that he has been involved in, as a counselor. Tan’s article first discusses the usefulness of CBT and other behavioral techniquesRead MoreUse of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavior Therapy Essay638 Words   |  3 PagesReview of Journal Article â€Å"Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavior Therapy† Review of Journal Article â€Å"Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavior Therapy† Summary This article talks about Cognitive-Behavior therapy and using prayer and scripture appropriately, how to approach using biblical/ Christian values in therapy. The journal also talks about an historical overview of behavioral therapy, throughout the years. The commentary discusses the two component of mindfulnessRead MoreJournal Of Psychology And Christianity868 Words   |  4 Pagesand Christianity, â€Å"Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy† by Siang-Yang Tan discusses how prayer and scripture can be incorporated into the practice of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Expanded CBT described a historical process of behavior therapy that was divided into three generational movements and consisted of a gradual transition from traditional behavior therapy known as; Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and (DBT)Read MoreThe Relationship Between Regenerate And Unregenerate Thought Processes Essay1089 Wo rds   |  5 Pagespeople are fundamentally born imperfect; one of the major goals of the therapy assists people to learn to accept their personalities as well as others unconditionally. God s unconditional love for humanity regardless its imperfection is an all-encompassing recurring theme in the Bible. For example, God demonstrated his love for us through the death of his son Jesus when humanity plunged into sin. Similarly, cognitive-based therapy promotes a more realistic view of the self and others, which is in agreementRead MoreUse of Prayer and Scripture in Coginitiv- Behavioral Therapy1247 Words   |  5 PagesUse of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Integration of Psychology and Theology Tamala Rivers February 16, 2012 Summary This article focuses on the use of prayer and scripture in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). First you must focus on the biblical approach which you acknowledge Gods love and deal with past hurts in a proper manner. You also must focus on Gods Holy Spirit and his scriptures. As the therapist you should not be in self, you have to focus on your clientRead MoreReview of Interventions That Apply Scripture in Psychotherapy1048 Words   |  5 PagesApply Scripture in Psychotherapy Summary Garzon (2005) seeks to describe ways in which a therapist may use Scripture within psychotherapy interventions and to increase the awareness of therapists in these techniques. He bases this description by utilizing a case study by the name of George. Garzon contemplates issues surrounding scripture interventions. The article proceeds to relate interventions that use implicit scripture, psycho educational, theo educational, behavioral, cognitive, and affectiveRead MoreThe Cognitive Behavior ( Cbt ) Method2182 Words   |  9 PagesThe Cognitive Behavior (CBT) method is suitable for case study Andrea Conceptualization and Treatment Plan 2; I find this technique to be most applicable to the client’s case. The paper will discuss a summary of the case study to provide clarity as to why this particular process would result in aiding Andrea in focusing on what is going on in her life at this time. The focus of the paper is how CBT is beneficial to the client to bring change. It wil l convey how this method of treatment will be assistingRead MorePsychology, Theology And Spirituality1267 Words   |  6 Pagesbackground when it comes to providing effective and helpful service to their client. McMinn shows his interest in scripture, prayer, confession and sin in this book and even emphasize on ways to try to keep religion out of the sessions while at the same time using your knowledge and word to make the right decision while providing services to a client. McMinn feels that even if you use this form of attitude it can still lead to negative consequences because the majority of disturbances when dealing

Mini-Case †Finance Free Essays

In order to decide on an IPO price, we must look at the current financial position of the company, as well as make projections for possible future scenarios. From the data given, we know that Prairie Home Stores (PHS) has a current book value of $80,000,000. With 400,000 outstanding shares, the book equity per share is $200. We will write a custom essay sample on Mini-Case – Finance or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are two possible paths for future performance to consider. The first, a constant growth scenario, assumes that PHS will continue on its current trajectory of paying out 2/3 of its earnings as dividends, and retaining the other 2/3 to grow the business. In this scenario, we will continue the company’s growth rate of 5%, with no change in plowback or dividends. In this scenario, price per share is determined by the current dividends, divided by (r-g) The value of the company will be equal to the present value of all future cash flows ( i. e. dividend payments) that investors expect to receive. Constant growth scenario: EPS 2013 = $ 12,000,000 / 400,000 shares = $ 30. 00 Book equity per share in 2013 = $80,000,000 / 400,000 shares = $200. 00 per share Dividends paid out per share in 2013 = $ 8,000,000 / 400,000 shares = $ 20. 00 per share Payout ratio in 2013 = $ 20. 0 (DIV2013) / $ 30 (EPS 2013) = 0. 67 Plowback ratio 2013 = $10. 00 (RE per share 2013) / $ 30. 00 (EPS 2013) = 0. 33 Sustainable growth rate = 0. 15 (rate of return) x 0. 33 (plowback ratio) = 5 % Price per share 2012 = DIV2013/(r-g) = $20/(11%-5% ) = $ 333. 33 $ 333. 33 price per share x 400,000 shares = $ 133,333,333 – value of the company in 2012 P/E rat io = $ 333. 33( price per share) / 30 (EPS) = 11. 11 Rapid Growth Scenario: Since Price = DIV / r-g, and there are no dividends paid in the years 2013 – 2016, we can calculate the value of the company in 2016 and discount it to obtain the Present value in 2012. EPS 2017 = $21,000,000 / 400,000 shares = $52. 50 Book equity per share 2017 = $139,900,000 / 400,000 shares = $349. 75 Dividends paid out per share 2017 = $14,000,000 / 400,000 shares = $35. 00 Payout ratio in 2017 = $ 35. 00 (DIV per share 2017) / $ 52. 50 (EPS 2017) = 0. 67 Plowback ratio in 2017 = $ 17. 50 (RE in 2017) / 52. 50 (EPS in 2017) = 0. 33 Sustainable growth rate = 0. 15 (rate of return) x 0. 33 (plowback ratio) = 5 % Price per share in 2016= $35. 00 (DIV 2017) / 0. 06 (r – g)= $583. 33 Let’s discount it to 2012 value: Financial calculator: FV = 583. 33 N = 4, I/Yr = 11% PV = 384. 5 – price per share in 2012 384. 25 x 400,000 shares = 153,700,000 – value of the company in 2012 under rapid growth Conclusion: Rapid growth scenario promises higher stock price, so it should be chosen. PVGO between the previous example and this one: 153,700,000 – 133,333,333 = 20,366,667 Under both scenarios, current price per share is more than $200. Now h ere’s my calculations: Constant growth scenario: Assuming a 15% required return: P0 = DIV1 / (r-g) = $20 / (. 15 – . 05) = $20/. 1 = $200 Assuming an 11% required return, we’ll have: P0 = DIV1 / (r-g) = $20 / (. 11 – . 05) = $20/. 06 = $333. 33 In the constant growth scenario, the stock is valued at $200 if we assume a 15% expected return, and $333. 33 if we assume 11% expected return. Now, in the rapid growth scenario, things get even more exciting. I think that 2017/2020 is the horizon year, because it’s AFTER that point when the growth goes down to 5%. In paragraph 6, the problem states â€Å"†¦ would require reinvestment of all of Prairie Home’s earnings from 2016 to 2019. After that the company could resume its normal dividend payout and growth. † your book’s years:20122013201420152016201720182019 my book’s years:20152016201720182019202020212022 year #01234567 arnings growth from previous year—4. 6%15%15%15%15%5%5% dividend0000$35$36. 75$38. 59 todayH NB: neither book shows 2019 or 2022, but we know that the beginning of the year figures are the same as the end of year figures for the previous year, so that’s where I got those. Ultimately, it doesn’t really m atter – I’m just reinforcing the point that we turn into a constant growth scenario beginning with year 6. Our non-constant growth model says this: PV = D1/(1+r)1 + D2 / (1+r)2 + †¦ + DH / (1+r)H + PH / (1+r)H and we get PH with this formula: PH = Dt+1 / (r-g) The dividends for the foreseeable future (years 1 – 4) will all be 0, so hose first numbers will add up to 0. We know that the dividend at the horizon year – year 5 – is $35. The expected future price of the stock at year 5 will be: P5 = D6 / (r-g) Plugging in numbers there, we have: P5 = $36. 75 / (. 15 – . 05) = $36. 75/. 1 = $367. 50 Again, that’s assuming a 15% required return. Then the third part of the process is to add up all of those numbers, discounting them to the present value: P0 = D1 + D2 + D3 + D4 + D5 / (1. 15)5 + P5 / (1. 15)5 = 0 + (35 + 367. 5) / (1. 15)5 = 402. 5/(1. 15)5 Or on the calculator: FV = 402. 50, I/YR = 15, N=5, PV = $200. 11 Then we go to the 11% required return. There, we’ll see that: P5 = D6 / (r-g) = $36. 75 / (. 11 – . 05) = $612. 50 And then: P0 = D1 + D2 + D3 + D4 + D5 / (1. 11)5 + P5 / (1. 11)5 = 0 + (35 + 612. 50) / (1. 11)5 = †¦ (Calculator: FV = 647. 50, I/YR = 11, N = 5, PV = $384. 26) In the rapid growth scenario, the stock is valued at $200. 11 if we assume a 15% expected return, and $384. 26 if we assume 11% expected return. This is the point where I defer to you, or we can talk about this more tomorrow. Our math says to price the stock somewhere between $200 and $384, but how do we choose? I get the sense that you understand that better than I do, so I can use your input for sure. We believe that Prairie Home Stores should value the stock at $384. xx because we should choose the We recommend choosing the rapid growth scenario, plowback more earnings into growing the company, and set the IPO price as $384. whatever. Our prospectus will show that we intend to invest more of our earnings into growing the company over the next 4 years, and as a result investors and the market will support a price of $384. We chose to use 11% as our expected rate of return, because this is the rate shown in the Journal of Finance as being the rate offered by other, equally risky stocks in the same industry as Prairie Home Stores. The PVGO is $153,700,000 – 133,333,333 = $20,366,667. This indicates that the company has room to grow, which will be attractive to investors. Investors believe that under the rapid growth scenario. According to our calculations, Mr. Breezeway was wise to counsel his son( ) to not sell the stock for $200, as we believe that the company is worth more than current BOOK VALUE PER SHARE – include something about this. $200 per the current values (this is what the whoever dude offered the son), but our calculations show that the company is more valuable than the $200 price indicates. How to cite Mini-Case – Finance, Papers

Significant Life Events - Solution is Just a Click Away

Questions: 1.1 Explain the impact of significant life events on individuals? 1.2 Analyse possible group responses to significant life events that occur to one of its members? 1.3 Analyse the impact for others in health and social care when an individual experiences significant life event? 2.1 Evaluate the effectiveness of organisational policies and procedures in supporting indviduals and their social networks affected by significant life events? 2.2 Explain how others in social networks may provide support to individuals experienceing significant life events? Does The Intricacy of The Topic Intimidate You? Tame Your Fear with Unmatched Assignment Help Services from Professional Writers. 2.3 Evaluate the suitability of external sources of support for those affected by significant life events? 3.1 Analyse possible organisational responses to the need to support individuals experiencing a significant life event? 3.2 Reflect on own personal contributions to the support of individuals experienceing significant life events? 3.3 Make recommendations for improving tge support available in a health and social care organisation for individuals and their social networks when affected by significant life events? Answers: 1.1: Impact of Significant Life events on individuals Life events can be considered as changes that occur in the life of an individual in a sudden and sometimes in an abrupt manner for which the individual may not have been ready and thus may take some time to deal with it(Cook, 2006). But it is not compulsory that a life event has to be bad and therefore have negative effects on a particular individual. A significant life event can be a positive one too where the individual in whos life the particular event occurs may be positively influenced by the event altogether. Thus in this context some life events can be desirable while others may not be desirable. Therefore, different events can have different type of impact on the person and can be understood and explained in various ways. The classification of life events are done on the basis of judging exactly how much stressful they are to one. This method had been attempted by Holmes and Rahe in the year 1967. On the basis of this model or type of classification, the life events can be cl assified or categorized into 40 different classes. For example, the passing away of a loved one is very undesirable and can end up having a very bad impact in an individuals life. This is a kind of negative life event and it has the potential of creating a lot of stress or tension in ones life(Eldredge, 1998). Another example of this type can be getting fired from the professional field and thus becoming jobless which would result in a great amount of tension in ones life. But, on the other hand, the life events like that of getting married, or being promoted, or having a baby is quite desirable and may have a very positive influence on ones life. Thus the overall impact of a life event on a specific individual is very much dependent on the type of life event taken under consideration and thus may vary from one to the other (Burton, Forsyth and Obel, 1989). 1.2: Analysis of Group Responses to Significant Life Events In case of a group responding to a life event that has happened in the life of one of its members, there are different responses to different life events (Buto, 2004). But it is but a common part of the behavior and response of the group, that the group always tries to support its member and tries to make the situation as normal as possible for him or her. In case of the undesirable life events, the group tries to empathize with the member is directly affected by this life event and the ways in which different undesirable events are treated is to be noted. For example, the group may conduct many different sessions to improve the mental or psychological state of the concerned person who is affected by it(Redfield, 2013). For example, if in case a person has lost a loved one that person may feel very lonely and vacant for the occurrence of such a life event and this vacancy is needed to be filled by the group. Moreover, they need to engage the affected person in different activities, so that he may be distracted for a while and with time therefore can return to the normal mode of life as soon as possible. Either one or more hobbies of the affected person is encouraged or the group in itself initiates some group activities which will help the affected person in one way or the other. One method or way that is adopted by the different groups is that of singing together. Since music already has a calming effect on the mind of a person, so this way is quite helpful for those who need to come out of a really stressful period in their life(Podany, 2003). But at the same time there are many other different ways which can be taken up by the group in order to aid or help one of its members who is being negatively affected by the life event to come out of it in a smooth and easy way. On the other hand, in case of the desirable life events, the group responds in a very positive way and encourages and congratulates its member for entering into this much desirable phase of hi s or her life.Getting married and having a baby are the life events which will fall in this particular category. 1.3: Impact on Others in Health and Social Care The impact on the other people present in the Health and Social Care organization can be different from one another on the basis of the type of the life event that one is undergoing (Erratum: Can Adolescents Predict Significant Life Events?, 2008). But the workers being of responsible in nature tend to give importance to such factors and thus help out the other individual in each and every way that they can. In such an organization, the other members try to find ways in which they can help out an individual as the needs and requirements of one individual differs from the other(Coty, 2011). Thus the main factor actually lies in understanding an individual. Only if a person is able to understand the other person in a proper way, he or she will be able to help and aid the other individual who is going through a significant life event. 3.1: Analysis of Organizational Responses to the need to Support Individuals Different organizations where a particular individual facing a significant life event need to be more concerned about supporting the individual under each and every situation (Golemon, 2006). A general awareness needs to be created regarding the need of having to support the individuals in an organization who are going through some life events in their life. Since an individual has the tendency of losing out on the normal balance in their lives, thus it is required for the people around him to support him in the way that is required by him. This will aid the person in getting back to his normal life and thus he can work in a better way too(Cranwell-Ward Abbey, 2005). For example, if a person is suffering because of the occurrence of an utterly undesirable life experience, then he must be very stressed out and would not have the mental strength to cope up with his emotional breakdown and the pressure of his professional field at the same time(Norgaard, 2011). Thus as a result of it, the performance and the productivity of the individual will keep on detoriating and this will eventually be reflected in a recurrent way in his own work. The individual will not be able to work in a proper way as long as he is not back in his normal life where he can balance out everything. This is what the organization needs to understand and thereby support the individual in the needed manner (Tidd and Hull, 2003). In cases of desirable life events too, the individual is in need of the support of his organization. For example, if a lady is pregnant this is a very desirable event but the organization needs to support her by giving the required leaves so that she can do her work in a better way without any physical discomfort or other distractions (Kronenfeld, 2010). 3.2: Reflection on Personal Contribution In my case, I have always tried to be there in a proper way beside those who are experiencing any kind of significant life event in their life. One of my very close friends had gone through a very bad phase in his life after he lost his mother in a car accident (McIntosh, 2007). He was very close to his mother and thus her passing away in such a sudden and tragic manner had shaken him up in a very bad way. He had felt lost and there was a point of time when he did not even want to continue with his own life. This is the time when I knew that he had to be made to come out of this depression that he had gone into. So I tried to cheer him up and encourage him in looking at life from a different perspective altogether (Starr, 1982). I would take him out to a lot of seminars on spirituality and awakening of the soul so that he could feel a bit less attached to anything earthly and thus find a sense of fluffiness within himself(Ainsworth, 2000). Since he was a fan of music I would listen t o various types of songs and keep him company as much as I could. This had a positive effect in his life but he was still a bit aloof from everybody and that is how he likes it. Then I took him to a trip of trekking as he had always wanted to go. All these eventually helped him to come out of his deep depression and thereby get on with his life eventually. The loss of his mother may never be fulfilled but he knew how to be strong and move on (McVea, Gow and Lowe, 2011). This has been a learning experience for me too and I have a better understanding of how to deal with myself as well as any other individual who is going through a significant event in his own life. 3.3: Recommendations More than any technical training or other similar learning experience, what is really required is a sense of humanity and a fellow feeling for the people around. This will serve to help others in a much better way and thus aid and support them in the way that is actually required(Harper, 2007). But to apply this in a more professional way, one can be given the required training to understand the ways in which different situations are to be dealt with. Thus if professionals and experts on this field lend their knowledge to the common workers of the health and social care organization, then it would be a bit easy on their part to contribute to the life of other individuals in an effective manner who are facing some crisis in their life due to the occurrence of a significant life event (Moreno, Fuhriman and Hileman, 1995). The training program needs to be such so that the methods and techniques shown to the workers can be executed and applied in the practical field as well rather than j ust bordering and bounding itself in theoretical field. It is of utmost importance as the way in which the life of an individual functions depends on it (Sim and McKee, 2011). References: Ainsworth, P. (2000). Understanding depression. Jackson, Miss.: University Press of Mississippi. Cook, R. (2006). Crisis. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. Coty, D. (2011). Too blessed to be stressed. Uhrichsville, Ohio: Barbour Publishing. Cranwell-Ward, J., Abbey, A. (2005).Organizational stress.Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. Eldredge, N. (1998). Life in the balance. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. Harper, J. (2007).Chairing the board. London: Kogan Page. Norgaard, K. (2011). Living in denial. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. Podany, S. (2003).Life in the fast lane. Newport Beach, CA: Energy Pub. Redfield, P. (2013). Life in crisis. Berkeley: University of California Press. Burton, R., Forsyth, J. and Obel, B. (1989). Organizational responses to the new business conditions. Amsterdam: Elsevier. Buto, K. (2004). Strengthening community. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Social Insurance. Erratum: Can Adolescents Predict Significant Life Events?. (2008). Journal of Adolescent Health, 42(3), p.309. Golemon, D. (2006). Event. New York: Thomas Dunne Books. Kronenfeld, J. (2010). The impact of demographics on health and health care. Bingley, UK: Emerald. McIntosh, I. (2007). Learning from analysis of significant events. Independent Nurse, 2007(2). McVea, C., Gow, K. and Lowe, R. (2011). Corrective interpersonal experience in psychodrama group therapy: A comprehensive process analysis of significant therapeutic events. Psychotherapy Research, 21(4), pp.416-429. Moreno, J., Fuhriman, A. and Hileman, E. (1995). Significant events in a psychodynamic psychotherapy group for eating disorders. Group, 19(1), pp.56-62. Sim, F. and McKee, M. (2011). Issues in public health. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill/Open University Press. Starr, H. (1982). Thrilling events. College Station, Tex.: Creative Pub. Co. Tidd, J. and Hull, F. (2003). Service innovation. London: Imperial College Press.

Soil Physical Properties Flashcard

Soil Physical Properties